Andhra Pradesh (APPSC) Assistant Professor Commerce Question -2009

  1. World Trade Organization came into existence on
    (a) 6-6-2001
    (b) 30-6-1991
    (c) 1-1-1993
    (d) 1-1-1995
  2. Child labour, Transparency, Human rights issues were decided in one of the ministerial Conferences listed below by WTO. Pick it up.
    (a) Hong Kong Conference, 2005
    (b) Cancun Conference , 2003
    (c) Singapore Conference, 1996
    (d) Doha Conference, 2001
  3. The form of department often used in the sales function is
    (a) By Territory
    (b) By Process
    (c) Matrix Structure
    (d) By time
  4. Which of the following statemens reflects the relations between line and staff?
    (a) Line in superior to staff
    (b) Line is operational staff is advisory
    (c) Staff advice has always to be obeyed
    (d) Line and staff are independent of each other
  5. The tendency to disperse decision making authority in an organized structure is called
    (a) Centralisation
    (b) Decentralisation
    (c) Departmentation
    (d) Using power
  6. A firm producing that output at which the marginal cost intersects with the marginal cost curve intersects with the marginal revenue curve from down, is known as
    (a) Representative firm
    (b) Normal firm
    (c) Optimum firm
    (d) Equilibrium firm
  7. What is the main purpose of internal communication?
    (a) Control
    (b) Instruction
    (c) Information
    (d) Motivation
  8. IDPL unit prepares key formulations of drugs, Hundreds of drug firms are established which take key formulations from IDPL, The IDPL comes under
    (a) Genetic industry
    (b) Propulsive industry
    (c) Assembling industry
    (d) Pollutant industry
  9. Integration and synchronization of group efforts in the organization to achieve organizational goals is called
    (a) Group effort
    (b) Team work
    (c) Efficiency
    (d) Co-ordination
  10. Which one is the main purpose of management information system?
    (a) Assess and distribute information
    (b) Record and file information
    (c) Spy on employee
    (d) keep track of the environment
  11. Organisational technique of control can be differentiated into
    (a) Feedback and feel forward
    (b) Qualitative and quantitaive
    (c) Monetary and non-budgetary
    (d) Budgetary and non- budgetary
  12. How are committees useful as a technique of co-ordination?
    (a) They allow careful consideration of all aspects
    (b) Group decisions can be taken
    (c) They allow scope for different shades of opinion
    (d) All of the above
  13. One of the following was not an objective of industrial policy 1991.
    (a) To speed up liberalization measure
    (b) To attain international competitiveness
    (c) To attain self reliance through import substitution
    (d) To maintain sustained growth in productivity and gainful employment
  14. Vertical integration is resorted in case
    (a) Technical optima is smaller than managerial optima
    (b) Managerial optima is smaller than technical optima
    (c) Managerial optima is smaller than marketing optima
    (d) Financial optima is smaller than managerial optima
  15. The job of controlling is carries out by
    (a) Executive specially appointed for the purpose
    (b) Top management
    (c) Operational managers
    (d) All managerial staff
  16. Curiosity, manipulation, power, security and status are example of
    (a) Primary motives
    (b) General motives
    (c) Secondary motives
    (d) Non motives
  17. One of the factors below does not determine the size of the unit:
    (a) Level of satisfaction among workers
    (b) Nature of the product
    (c) size of the market
    (d) Government incentives and regulations
  18. One of the following is not a force which determines the optimum size of the unit:
    (a) Technical forces
    (b) Financial forces
    (c) Marketing and managerial forces
    (d) Profitability forces
  19. The inner state activating and channeling behavior towards goals is called
    (a) Attitude
    (b) Belief
    (c) Motive
    (d) Value
  20. Expectancy theory of motivation was brought out by
    (a) Herzberg
    (b) Vroom
    (c) Alderfer
    (d) Maslow
  21. McClelland’s Needs theory explains needs for_________, affiliation and power.
    (a) Promotion
    (b) Growth
    (c) Money
    (d) Achievement
  22. Hezberg’s theory consists of_____ and motivational factors.
    (a) Monetary
    (b) Power
    (c) Hygiene
    (d) Achievement
  23. Theories of leadership include, trait, behavior and
    (a) Situational
    (b) Motivational
    (c) Intellectual
    (d) Personal
  24. Likert’s four systems of leadership are Exploitative and benevolent, Authoritative, consultative and
    (a) Democratic
    (b) Autocratic
    (c) Supportive
    (d) Production
  25. Situational leadership theory focused on
    (a) Leaders
    (b) Goals
    (c) Followers
    (d) Production
  26. ‘Ubiquities’ and ‘Antiquities’ are the terms used in the location theory propounded by
    (a) Pigou
    (b) Sargent florence
    (c) Adam smith
    (d) Alfred Weber
  27. The concept of “Growth Centres” has been recommended by the
    (a) Narayana Murthy Committee
    (b) Pande Committee
    (c) Sivaraman Committee
    (d) Chore Committee
  28. In group meetings, there will be two phases of inertia, than_____periods followed by a flurry of activites.
    (a) Transition
    (b) Break
    (c) Discussion
    (d) Silence
  29. Coordination and execution of task will be better in
    (a) Large group
    (b) Formal group
    (c) Informal group
    (d) Small group
  30. Most common group decision making technique used is
    (a) Delphi technique
    (b) Interaction meeting
    (c) Brainstorming
    (d) Nominal group
  31. The formula for measuring net labour turnover is
    (a) NLT = (Total replacements)/(Average workforce) ×100
    (b) NLT = (Total replacements)/(Marginal workforce) ×100
    (c) NLT = (Total replacements)/(Total workforce) ×100
    (d) NLT = (Total Workforce)/(Toal replacements) ×100
  32. Industrial disputes Act envisages compulsory adjudication of industrial disputes when
    (a) Parties fail to agree
    (b) Government decides by way of reference
    (c) Both a and b
    (d) Insistence by one of the parties
  33. Among the several methods of settlement of disputes, the best one is
    (a) Conciliation
    (b) Adjudication
    (c) Tripartite agreement
    (d) Collective bargaining
  34. The workers participation rate indicates the percentage of
    (a) Total main workers plus marginal workers in the total population
    (b) Total workers plus average workers in the total population
    (c) Main workers to the total population
    (d) Marginal workers to the total population
  35. India adopted the code of ‘discipline’ in the year
    (a) 1947
    (b) 1956
    (c) 1958
    (d) 1991
  36. The systems approach to industrial relations was given by
    (a) D.H. Robertson
    (b) Allan Flanders
    (c) Dunlop
    (d) Edwin cannon
  37. Outsourcing of business operations by MNCs has led to
    (a) Loss in the bargaining strength of labour
    (b) Gain in the bargaining strength of labour
    (c) Reduction in the supply of labour
    (d) Increase in the supply of labour
  38. NEGP refers to
    (a) National Emergency Guarantee Programme
    (b) National Employment Guarantee Programme
    (c) National Energy and child Programme
    (d) National Education Guarantee proramme
  39. Who publishes the ‘Rural Labour Enquiry Reports’?
    (a) Finance Department, Govt, of India
    (b) NABARD
    (c) Labour Bureau, Ministry of labour
    (d) RBI
  40. One of the statements given below is true. Pick it up.
    (a) Workers participation in management and the presence of strong collective bargaining power of labour in a firm do not go together
    (b) Collective bargaining is the root cause of low labour productivity in india
    (c) Workers participation in management creates more distrust among workers and management
    (d) Workers participation in management is possible in unorganized labour
  41. EAS refers to
    (a) Education Assurance scheme
    (b) Employment Assurance scheme
    (c) Earnings Assurance scheme
    (d) Employment Assistance scheme
  42. Government of India implemented two scheme to remove the unemployment of youth, they are
    (a) TRYSEM and PMRY
    (b) SGSY and TRYSEM
    (c) PMGY and PMRY
    (d) PMRY and SGSY
  43. One of the following does not come under unorganized labour:
    (a) Building and construction workers
    (b) Fishermen
    (c) Bidi workers
    (d) Handicraft workers
  44. Industrial relations is used to describe the nature of relationship between
    (a) Employers and employees
    (b) Workers and workers
    (c) Employees and middlemen
    (d) Government and industry
  45. Labour- Management relations is the constitutional guarantee in one of the following countries. Which one is it?
    (a) England
    (b) Japan
    (c) Malaysia
    (d) India
  46. Collective bargaining is
    (a) A process of social change
    (b) A peace treaty between two parties in continual conflicts
    (c) A system of industrial jurisprudence
    (d) All of these
  47. The bargaining between all the trade unions of workers in the same industry through their federal organizations and the employers federation is
    (a) Single plant bargaining
    (b) Multiple plant bargaining
    (c) Multiple employer bargaining
    (d) Single employer bargaining
  48. Demand for labour is dependent on one of the following:
    (a) Demand for products made by labour
    (b) Number of workers available in the country
    (c) Number of leisure hours
    (d) Number of mandays worked in previous year
  49. The three main tripartite committee set up in 1954 is
    (a) Central implementation and evaluation Machinery
    (b) Committee on conventions
    (c) Steering Committee on Wages
    (d) National Productivity Council
  50. NCL refers to
    (a) National council on Labour
    (b) National Committee on Labour
    (c) National Commission on Labour
    (d) National Central Committee of Trade Unions
  51. ILC refers to
    (a) Indian labour committee
    (b) Indian labour conference
    (c) Indian Labour commission
    (d) Indian labour control
  52. The main objective of labour legislation is to
    (a) Protect workers from exploitation
    (b) Strengthen industrial relations
    (c) Provide machinery for settling industrial disputes and welfare of workers
    (d) All of these
  53. Social security legislation acts include
    (a) Indian disputes Act, industrial Employment Act, trade union Act
    (b) Factories Act, Payment of Wages Act, Minimum Wages Act
    (c) Equal Remuneration Act, payment of bonus Act, Employment Exchange Act
    (d) Employees state insurance Act, Employees provident fund Act, Payment of gratuity Act
  54. One of the statements given below is incorrect pick up.
    (a) Indian social system is based on Beveridge plan of UK
    (b) Labour management negotiations are unilateral, bipartite and tripartite as well
    (c) Political interference in trade union cannot be avoided
  55. The other name for unfair labour practice is
    (a) Trade Union Victimisation
    (b) Unfair Labour Victimisation
    (c) Labour Discrimination
    (d) Unfair Trade Practice
  56. Which of the following is not a measure of efficiency?
    (a) Input output ratio
    (b) Profitability index
    (c) Capital employed
    (d) Labour Productivity
  57. A group of firms, carrying on similar types of activity is called
    (a) Industry
    (b) Business
    (c) Firms
    (d) Plant
  58. Which of the following is an example for industry’s goods?
    (a) Raw grapes
    (b) Rice
    (c) Paddy
    (d) Potatoes
  59. SAIL was established in 1973 as a
    (a) Holding company
    (b) Private company
    (c) Public limited company
    (d) Multi unit enterprise
  60. A Firm, in which existing condition of technique and organization ability, has the lowest agerage cost of production per unit is called
    (a) Small sized firm
    (b) optimum sized firm
    (c) Big sized firm
    (d) Moderate sized firm
  61. A small change in sales results in disproportionate change in EBIT, other things being equal, is called
    (a) Operating leverage
    (b) Financial leverage
    (c) Combined leverage
    (d) Fixed leverage
  62. Clientele effect is relatively more associated with
    (a) Capital structure decision
    (b) Asset structure decision
    (c) Dividend decision
    (d) Investment decision
  63. Which one of the following is not a motive for holding cash?
    (a) Profit motive
    (b) Precautionary motive
    (c) Transaction motive
    (d) Speculative motive
  64. _____model is an approach that provides for cost efficient cash balances.
    (a) Miller – Orr Model
    (b) Baumol model
    (c) MM model
    (d) Lintner model
  65. ‘ Factoring’ as a financial service is associated with
    (a) Cash
    (b) Inventory
    (c) Account Receivable
    (d) Bank Balance
  66. In a JIT Environment the flow of goods is controlled by
    (a) Push approach
    (b) Both pull and push approach
    (c) No stock approach
    (d) Pull approach
  67. A firm in which lower level of current assets is supporting a given level of output is pursing
    (a) Conservative policy
    (b) Aggressive policy
    (c) Highly aggressive policy
    (d) Hedging policy
  68. A policy that involves matching of assets and liability maturity is called
    (a) Conservative Policy
    (b) Aggressive policy
    (c) Highly policy
    (d) Hedging policy
  69. The ratio that measure the ability of the firm to make committed payments is called
    (a) Debt equity ratio
    (b) Net profit ratio
    (c) Debt service coverage ratio
    (d) P/V ratio
  70. Break even point and margin of safety can be determined by using
    (a) Liquidity ratio
    (b) P/V ratio
    (c) Stock turnover ratio
    (d) Solvency ratio
  71. HMT Ltd. is an example of a/an
    (a) Firm
    (b) Plant
    (c) Industry
    (d) Service organization
  72. One of the following is not a measure of size. Identify.
    (a) Capital employed
    (b) Profit
    (c) Number of workers
    (d) Power consumed in units
  73. Which of the following has government ownership, control and participation in business decision as an essential feature?
    (a) Public sector organization
    (b) Monopoly organization
    (c) Joint stock company
    (d) Cooperative society
  74. The concept of joint sector was introduced by Govt. of India on the recommendations of
    (a) Narasimhan Committee
    (b) Dutt Committee
    (c) Rangrajan Committee
    (d) Rajindra sachar committee
  75. Indian Railways is an example for
    (a) Government Company
    (b) Independent Corporate Authority
    (c) Departmental Undertaking
    (d) Statutory Corporation
  76. A company in which not less than 51 percent of paid-up share capital is held by the central government or state government or partly by the central government and partly by one or more state Government is a
    (a) Statutory Corporation
    (b) Government Company
    (c) Public limited company
    (d) Departmental undertaking
  77. The process of withdrawing one’s stake either in full or party by the government is called
    (a) Disinvestment
    (b) Sale
    (c) Lease
    (d) Privatization
  78. Changes in technology illustrate
    (a) Erratic changes
    (b) Seasonal changes
    (c) Cyclical changes
    (d) Permanent changes
  79. Internal diseconomies of scale happen
    (a) When a decrease in the scale of production leads to a lower cost per unit
    (b) When an increase in the scale of production leads to a higher cost per unit
    (c) When a decrease in the scale of production leads to a higher cost per unit
    (d) When an increase in the scale of production leads to a lower cost per unit
  80. Returns to factors refer to
    (a) Output generated as a result of change in one or more factors, other things remaining the same
    (b) Input lowered as a result of change in one or more factors, other things remaining the same
    (c) Inputs generated as a result of change in one or more factors, other things remaining the same
    (d) Output lowered as a result of change in one or more factors, other things remaining the same
  81. The problem of labour absenteeism in India. Was first brought out by
    (a) The Royal Commission
    (b) Baldev and Sharma
    (c) Panakal and Rao
    (d) D.M. Butani
  82. The average rate of absenteeism of all industries during 1980s was
    (a) 10-73%
    (b) 16.73%
    (c) 20.73%
    (d) 26.73%
  83. The disguised unemployment refers to
    (a) Person with no jobs
    (b) More persons employed for a job which a few can accomplish
    (c) Unemployment among disabled
    (d) Highly qualified people working inlow paid jobs
  84. The credit for forming the first industrial union in 1918 goes to
    (a) N.M. Lokhande
    (b) B.P. Wadia
    (c) Lala Lajpat Rai
    (d) N.M. Joshi
  85. Prime benefit accruing to the employees are usually
    (a) Wage supplements
    (b) Non-wage benefits
    (c) Bonus
    (d) Fringe benefits
  86. The report of the first national commission on labour was submitted in
    (a) 1959
    (b) 1969
    (c) 1949
    (d) 1979
  87. The structure of workforce involved in manufacturing activity is
    (a) 8.7%
    (b) 10.7%
    (c) 11.1%
    (d) 9.2%
  88. During the recent period nearly 50% of GDP is being contributed by
    (a) Agriculture sector
    (b) Service factor
    (c) Manufacturing sector
    (d) External sector
  89. The page of employment growth in the manufacturing sector during the post-reform periods has
    (a) Slackened from 2.06% to 1.73%
    (b) Increased from 2.06% to 3.0%
    (c) Remained constant at 2.06%
    (d) Increased to 4%
  90. There is a consistent decline in the mode of employment in
    (a) Casual labour
    (b) Self employment
    (c) Regular employment
    (d) Private sector employment
  91. The ratio that indicates what proportion of Earning per share has been used for paying dividend is called
    (a) Coverage ratio
    (b) Payout ratio
    (c) Yield ratio
    (d) Solvency ratio
  92. Return on investment (ROI) is a
    (a) Decision criterion
    (b) Performance criterion
    (c) Solvency criterion
    (d) Liquidity criterion
  93. The Liquidity ration is satisfactory when it is
    (a) 2:1
    (b) 1:2
    (c) 1:4
    (d) 1:1
  94. ‘Core Working Capital’ is more or less of a
    (a) Fluctuating nature
    (b) Fixed nature
    (c) Both fixed and fluctuating nature
    (d) Cyclical nature
  95. Yield on share is equal to
    (a) DPS/(Market price of share)×100
    (b) EPS/(Market price of share)×100
    (c) DPS/EPS
    (d) PAT/(Total Investment)
  96. The earning power of the company depends upon
    (a) Debt equity ratio
    (b) Capital gearing ratio
    (c) Net profit to capital turnover ratio
    (d) Liquidity ratio
  97. Cash flow in capital budgeting decision means
    (a) PAT + Cash items
    (b) PAT + Depreciation
    (c) PAT + Non assets
    (d) PBT
  98. One of the following is not a source of funds. What is that?
    (a) Short term borrowing
    (b) Sale of fixed assets
    (c) Decrease in deferred payment Liabilities
    (d) Depreciation
  99. In Capital budgeting decisions, the time value of money is considered in case of
    (a) Payback
    (b) ARR
    (c) NPV
    (d) IRR
  100. Cost of capital serves as______ rate for capital investment
    (a) Internal
    (b) Moderate
    (c) Expected
    (d) Cut-off
  101. According to traditional approach the cost of capital is affected by
    (a) Debt equity mix
    (b) Equity capital
    (c) Asset structure
    (d) Preferential shares
  102. Substitution of home-made leverage into corporate leverage is highlighted in capital structure theory of
    (a) Lintner
    (b) Gorden
    (c) Modigliani and Miller
    (d) Alexander Barges
  103. Trading on equity implies a _______ debt equity ratio.
    (a) Low
    (b) High
    (c) Medium
    (d) Very low
  104. The capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) was developed by
    (a) Eugene Fama
    (b) William sharpe
    (c) Markowitz
    (d) Dow Jones
  105. Depreciation is included in costs in case of
    (a) Payback method
    (b) Profitability index
    (c) Average rate of return
    (d) Internal rate of return
  106. Operating profit means
    (a) Profit before returns
    (b) Profit before tax
    (c) Profit before interest and tax
    (d) Profit after tax
  107. Bird-in-hand theory of dividend was advocated by
    (a) Gorden and Lintner
    (b) Litzenberger
    (c) David Durand
    (d) Modigilani and miller
  108. The financial transaction wherein an investor purchase a security only for the dividend and sells it after receiving the same is called
    (a) Dividend stripping
    (b) Dividend transaction
    (c) Security transaction
    (d) Dividend yield
  109. Projects which compete with each other in capital investment decisions are called
    (a) Independent projects
    (b) Mutually exclusive projects
    (c) Contingent projects
    (d) Long-term-projects
  110. Which one of the following is not a capital budgeting decision?
    (a) Diversification
    (b) Expansion
    (c) Investment in current assets
    (d) Replacement
  111. The cost of depreciation generation funds is equal to
    (a) Cost of equity
    (b) Cost of debt
    (c) Overall cost of capital
    (d) Cost of retained earnings
  112. The interest rate that equated the persent value of the expected future cash flows to the initial cost outlay is
    (a) ARR
    (b) NPV
    (c) IRR
    (d) Payback
  113. The most important variable while calculating the cost of debt is
    (a) Earnings
    (b) Dividends
    (c) Investment
    (d) Tax rate
  114. Which one of the following will take place when a fair return is not realized as capitalization?
    (a) Under capitalization
    (b) Moderate capitalization
    (c) Over capitalization
    (d) No capitalization
  115. The ratio that indicates a firm’s commitment to meet short-term liabilities is called
    (a) Proprietory ratio
    (b) Turnover ratio
    (c) ROI
    (d) Current Ratio
  116. Sales value variance is the difference between
    (a) Standard sales and actual sales
    (b) Budgeting sales and actual sales
    (c) Standard sales and budgeting sales
    (d) Industry sales and firm’s sales
  117. When margin of safety is 20% and P/V ratio is 60 % the profit will be
    (a) 30%
    (b) 331/2 %
    (c) 12%
    (d)16%
  118. The difference between fixed and variable cost has a special significance in the preparation of
    (a) Master budget
    (b) Flexible budget
    (c) Cash budget
    (d) Functional budget
  119. The time normally taken in replenishing inventory after the order has been placed is
    (a) Gastation time
    (b) Operating time
    (c) Lead time
    (d) Replenishing time
  120. Market Risk is measured by
    (a) Beta co-efficient
    (b) EBIT
    (c) Degree of leverage
    (d) Degree of freedom
  121. The concept of representative firm was introduced by
    (a) Alfred Marshall
    (b) J.M. Keynes
    (c) Adam Smith
    (d) Amartya sen
  122. The deductive theory of industrial location was propounded by
    (a) S.R. Dennison
    (b) Sargent Florence
    (c) Alfred Weber
    (d) E.A.G. Robinson
  123. Sargent Florence has popularized one of the following factors:
    (a) Locational weight
    (b) Labour coefficient
    (c) Coefficient of localisation
    (d) Dead weight
  124. Which one of the factors is not a significantly influencing factor for industrial location?
    (a) Availability of raw materials
    (b) Access to market
    (c) Financial Facilities
    (d) Power Resources
  125. The two working group set up to study the Problem of industrial backwardness are
    (a) Tandon and chore committee
    (b) B.D. Pandey and N.N. Wanchoo Committee
    (c) Narasimham and Vaghul Committee
    (d) B.M. Birla and Narayana Murthy Committee
  126. Two factors theory of motivation was developed by
    (a) Abraham Maslow
    (b) Freud
    (c) Philip Kotler
    (d) Frederick Herzberg
  127. Inner circles and outcircle concepts were used while defining a Large Industrial House by a Committee Known as
    (a) Tiwari Committee
    (b) Dutt Committee
    (c) R.k. Hazari committee
    (d) Pande committee
  128. One of the following is not a multiplant unit. Pick it up.
    (a) Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd.
    (b) Andhra Pradesh Dairy Development Corporation Ltd.
    (c) Hindustan Machine Tools Ltd.
    (d) Bharat heavy Electricals Ltd.
  129. The grid approach to organization development was developed by
    (a) Black and mouton
    (b) Herbert Simon
    (c) Peter Drucker
    (d) Harold Koontz
  130. Location of a plant is influenced by one of the following . pick it up.
    (a) Profits
    (b) Infrastructural facilities
    (c) Capital availability
    (d) Competition
  131. An informal alliance among individuals or group that is designed to achieve some common objective is called
    (a) Intuition
    (b) Crisis
    (c) Coalition
    (d) Escalation
  132. The goals that are established by top management and reflect their intentions of what the organization is to accomplish are called
    (a) Tactical goals
    (b) Strategic goals
    (c) Operational goals
    (d) Unattainable goals
  133. A plan that is used to operationalise another plan is known as
    (a) Action plan
    (b) Reaction plan
    (c) Production plan
    (d) Intermediate plan
  134. One of the following is not a public sector multiplant unit. Pick it up.
    (a) National mineral development corporation
    (b) National thermal power corporation
    (c) Singareni collieries ltd.
    (d) Oil and natural gas organization
  135. Job enrichment was developed by
    (a) Griffin
    (b) Frederick Herzberg
    (c) F.w. Taylor
    (d) Phillip Dunlop
  136. _____approach deals with both the work system and the workers’s individual preferences.
    (a) Job rotation
    (b) Job enlargement
    (c) Job enrichment
    (d) Job characteristics
  137. A ‘Congregation’ or body of persons assembled at a particular time and place for economic purpose is known as a/an
    (a) Firm
    (b) Plant
    (c) Industry
    (d) Service organization
  138. One of the following is not associated with span of management. Who is he?
    (a) Merton Miller
    (b) Ralph davis
    (c) Graicunas
    (d) Lyndall urwick
  139. A conglomerate is an organization composed of a number of
    (a) Related business
    (b) Unrelated business
    (c) Both related and unrelated business
    (d) Centralised business
  140. Hospitals and universities are examples of
    (a) Professional bureaucracies
    (b) Bureaucracies
    (c) Mission bureaucracies
    (d) Adhocracy
  141. The human relations approach to theory of motivational was developed by
    (a) Maslow
    (b) Murray
    (c) Atkinson
    (d) Hawthrone
  142. One of the following is known as the Economic constitution of India. Pick it up.
    (a) Industrial policy resolution, 1948
    (b) Industrial policy resolution, 1956
    (c) Industrial policy statement, 1961
    (d) Industrial (Development and Regulation) Act, 1951
  143. Integrating a national economy into a world economy is known as
    (a) Privatization
    (b) Liberalization
    (c) Globalization
    (d) Denationalization
  144. When a group member attains benefit from the group without doing an appropriate share of the work it is called
    (a) Dominance
    (b) Conflict
    (c) Diffusion
    (d) Free riding
  145. Which one is not the principal upward communication channel?
    (a) Open door policy
    (b) Ombudsman
    (c) Special meetings
    (d) Accenting
  146. Personal role conflict occurs when
    (a) It results from contradictory role message for the same role
    (b) The same person transmits conflicting message
    (c) A person experiences conflict between two or more roles
    (d) The requirements of the job are in conflict with the workers’s values, attitudes, and needs
  147. A leadership behavior centered on the concern for subordinate feelings and respect for their ideas is known as
    (a) Job-centered leader behaviour
    (b) Employee-centered leader behaviour
    (c) Consideration leader behaviour
    (d) Initiating structure leader behaviour
  148. What is the relation between effectiveness and efficiency as far as planning is concerned?
    (a) Effectiveness and efficiency are interlinked
    (b) Effectiveness follows efficiency
    (c) Efficiency follows effectiveness
    (d) Effectiveness and efficiency have no relationship
  149. Chronological sequences of required actions are
    (a) Budgets
    (b) Rules
    (c) Policies
    (d) Procedures
  150. One of the following is not a commonly stated problem of the small scale sector:
    (a) Raw material
    (b) Marketing
    (c) Technology upgradation
    (d) Income tax