MPhil PhD DU Commerce-2018
- The internal validity refers to
1. How accurately the measurement represent underlying concepts
2. The extent to which the researcher believes that this was a worthwhile project
3. The findings are relevant to the researchers’ everyday lives
4. Whether or not there is really a causal relationship between two variables - Which of the following represents as the best statement of hypothesis to address the researchbquestion: “What is the impact of new compensation package on the employees’ performance?”
1. All of these
2. The new compensation package is related to employees’ performance.
3. The new compensation package has effects on employees’ performance.
4. The new compensation package has increased employees’ performance. - Which of the following is TRUE
I. Mentoring exists only for career development
II. You need only one mentor
III. Mentoring is one way process
IV. A mentor has to be older than mentee
1. I and III
2. I and II
3. All of these
4. None of these - There is a high inverse association between measures ‘overweight’ and ‘life expectancy’. A correlation coefficient consistent with the above statement is :
1. r = -0.80
2. r = -0.20
3. r = 0.20
4. r = 0.80 - Metric data represents data collected in
1. Nominal Scale
2. Ordinal Scale
3. None of these
4. Interval Scale - The budgeted annual sales of a firm isRs. 80 lakhs and 25% of the same is cash sale. If the average amount of debtors of the company is Rs. 5 lakhs, the average collection period of credit sales is
1. 2 months
2. 15 days
3. 1 month
4. 3 months - Which among the following represents Type II error
1. Gama
2. Alpha
3. Beta
4. Delta - Telecommuting is
1. Travelling at speed
2. Using mobile phones to access data
3. Use of computers in flights
4. Use of computers and networks - Sealed-bid pricing is a type of:
1. Cost-oriented pricing approach
2. Competition-oriented pricing approach
3. Demand-oriented pricing approach
4. Value-oriented pricing approach - The value of Karl Pearson coefficient of skewness varies between
1. + 3 and – 3
2. + 1 and – 1
3. 0 and 100
4. 0 and 1 - The value of the bond depends on
1. Years of Maturity
2. Expected yield to maturity
3. The coupon rate
4. All of these - Fully convertible currencies are often called as
1. Fiat money
2. Hard currencies
3. Weak currencies
4. Soft currencies - Dummy variables can be used in
1. Only the independent side of the regression equation
2. None of these
3. Both sides of the regression equation
4. Only the dependent side of the regression equation - The knowledge, skills and capabilities of individuals that have economic value to an organization are most closely related to –
1. Competency
2. Human Capital
3. Human assets
4. Talent - The maturity date in the future contract is
1. Speculated
2. decided by the buyer of the contract
3. Standardized
4. decided by the seller of the contract - While testing association between two attributes, the degree of freedom for a contingency table equals:
1. r+c-1
2. None of these
3. (r-1)(c-2)
4. n-1 - A ________ scale only assigns numbers to objects to classify objects according to the characteristic of interest.
1. Ratio
2. Ordinal
3. Interval
4. Nominal - The process of anticipating and making provisions for the movement of people into, within, and out of an organization is
1. Human resource planning
2. All of these
3. Strategic human resource management
4. Strategic planning - The probability of obtaining 8 heads from 10 flips of a fair coin is approximately
1. 43%
2. 40%
3. 80%
4. 4.30% - The gross fiscal deficit is
1. Revenue expenditure less total revenue receipts
2. Total expenditure less payment of interest
3. Total borrowing less repayment of past debt
4. Total expenditure less total revenue receipts - The deduction in respect of interest on deposit in saving accounts is available under________ of the Income Tax Act, 1961.
1. Sec 80 TTA
2. Sec 80 TT
3. Sec 80 U
4. Sec 80 C - The standard deviation of a distribution of 100 values was Rs.2. If the sum of the squares of the actual values was Rs. 3600, what was the mean of this distribution?
1. 5.66
2. 7.11
3. 4.32
4. 6.67
5.66 - Critical region is a region of
1. Rejection
2. none of these
3. acceptance
4. indecision - A component of time-series used for short term forecast is
1. Cyclical
2. Seasonal
3. Trend
4. Irregular - The data for the dependent variable in multiple regression have to be
1. Non-metric data
2. Metric data
3. All of these
4. Nominal data - The classification of studies into applied or basic research is based on
1. The outcome of the research
2. The process of the research
3. The purpose of the research
4. The logic of the research - Analysis of labor turnover rates, performance appraisal, training programs and planning of incentives are examples of role of
1. Statistics in finance
2. Statistics in personnel management
3. Statistics in production
4. Statistics in marketing - The sampling distribution of proportion is approximated by normal distribution when
1. none of these
2. pq≥ 5
3. np≥ 5
4. both np≥ 5 and pq≥ 5 - If firm’ rate of return (r) is equal to shareholders’ expected rate of return (ke), than market price of a share given by Walter’s Model and Gordon’s Model for different payout ratio would be:
1. Equal
2. Zero
3. Negative
4. Unequal - A theoretical framework is a set of
1. Theories and empirical data
2. Theories and data
3. Theories and variables
4. Theories and models - The short-run equilibrium level of output for a monopolistic competitor is given by the point where
1. P=SAC
2. The MR curve intersects the SMC curve
3. P=SMC
4. The SMC curve intersects the MR curve from below and P>= AVC - The short run supply curve of the perfectely competitive firm is given by
1. The rising portion of its MC curve over and above the AC curve
2. The rising portion of its MC curve over and above the shut down point
3. The rising portion of its MC curve over and above the break even point
4. The rising portion of its MC curve - The put option buyer gains
1. when the strike price is lower than stock price
2. in the stable market
3. in the bullish market
4. in the bearish market - Generalization from the sample to the population is more appropriate in
1. Probability sampling
2. Convenient sampling
3. Judgmental sampling
4. Snowball sampling - Pick the choice that best completes the following sentence. If a relationship between two variables is called statistically significant, it means the investigators think the variables are
1. very important.
2. related in the population represented by the sample.
3. related in the sample due to chance alone.
4. not related in the population represented by the sample. - When issues to be addressed are personal, sensitive, or subject to strong social norms, a qualitative research technique generally recommended is:
1. Projective technique
2. Laddering
3. Focus group discussion
4. All of these - In a hospital 480 female and 520 male babies were born in a week. To check the hypothesis that male and females are born in equal number, which test shall be used
1. Z test for proportion
2. t-test
3. F test
4. Z test for mean - Allocable surplus under the payment of Bonus Act, 1965 for a company is calculated as:
1. None of these
2. 60% of available surplus
3. 70% of available surplus
4. 67% of available surplus - Discriminant analysis is classified under
1. None of these
2. Dependence technique
3. Interdependence technique
4. Both Dependence technique and Interdependence technique - The marginal tax rate for a lump-sum tax
1. Is equal to the lump-sum tax
2. Is always positive
3. Is zero
4. Is always negative - The belief that research is objective, and external is based on the resarcher’s
1. Ontological assumption
2. Epistemological assumption
3. Axiological assumption
4. Rhetorical assumption - Sampling adequacy in a factor analysis is considered to be more if the KMO statistics is1. In between 0.5 and 0.9
2. none of these
3. less than 0.5
4. Nearer to 0:0 - Audit Committee is a committee of
1. Mix of auditors and directors
2. Internal auditors
3. Directors
4. External auditors - Employee leasing is related to
1. Talent management
2. None of these
3. Recruitment
4. Contracting - Worker defined under section 2 (I) of the Factories Act, 1948 does not include:
1. None of these
2. Employment by agency
3. Employment by contractor
4. Employment in armed forces of the Union. - When law of diminishing returns begins to operate the TVC curve begins to
1. Fall at a decreasing rate
2. Fall at an increasing rate
3. Rise at an increasing rate
4. Rise at an decreasing rate - GDP deflator is equal to
1. Nominal GDP/Real GDP . 100
2. Real GDP/Nominal GDP . 100
3. Nominal NDP/Real NDP . 100
4. Any of these - The best average in construction of index number is
1. Geometric mean
2. Arithmetic mean
3. Harmonic Mean
4. Median - Section 2 (rr) defines wages under the Industrial Disputes Act 1947 and includes:
1. None of these
2. Both Dearness allowance and travelling allowance and Value of any house or water provided by employer
3. Value of any house or water provided by employer
4. Dearness allowance and travelling allowance - Section 2 (00) of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 excludes ______________ as retrenchment.
1. None of these
2. Termination on the ground of continued ill health
3. Termination as a result of non – renewal of contract
4. Both Termination on the ground of continued ill health and Termination as a result of non – renewal of contract - Section 2 (k) of the Factories Act, 1948 considers _____________________ as manufacturing process:
1. Making, altering, repairing
2. Repairing and refitting ships
3. Washing, cleaning, packing
4. All of these - A ‘better mousetrap fallacy’ points to the limitation of which one of the following marketing philosophies or orientations?
1. Marketing concept
2. Product concept
3. Production concept
4. Selling concept - Primary research data are collected from
1. The most important source
2. A published source
3. A perfect source
4. An original source - An educational amagazine reported that”Childern who routinely complete in vigorous after school sports on smoggy days are three times more likely to get asthama than their non athletic peers.”The health magazine also reported that” The number of childern in the study who contracted asthma was relatively small,282 of 3,535.”Which of the following is represented by 282/3535=.079?
1. The overall risk of getting asthma for the children in this study.
2. The baseline risk of getting asthma for the “non-athletic peers” in the study.
3. The relative risk of getting asthma for children who routinely participate in vigorous after-school sports on smoggy days and their non-athletic peers.
4. The risk of getting asthma for children in the study who participated in sports. - Historical data has shown that the regression line relating the final exam score and the midterm exam score for students who take statistics from a certain professor is:final exam=40+0.5 into midterm. One interpretation of the slope is
1. a student who scored 0 on the final exam would be predicted to score 40 on the midterm exam.
2. a student who scored 10 points higher than another student on the midterm would be predicted to score 5 points higher than the other student on the final exam.
3. Students only receive half as much credit (.5) for a correct answer on the final exam compared to a correct answer on the midterm exam.
4. a student who scored 0 on the midterm would be predicted to score 40 on the final exam. 
1. Nearly symmetric.
2. Skewed to the right.
3. Skewed to the left.
4. Bimodal (has more than one peak)- A survey asked people how often they exceed speed limits. The data are then categorized unto the following contigency table of counts showing the relationship between age group and response.
Age Exceed Limit if Possible? Always Not Always Total Under 30 100 100 200 Over 30 40 160 200 Total 140 260 400 Among people with age over 30, what the “risk” of always exceeding the speed limit?
1. 0.4
2. 0.5
3. 0.33
4. 0.2 - With reference to Cournot model, determine which of the following statement is false
1. Each duopoloists assumes the other will keep its quantity constant
2. The duopolists do not recognize their interdependence
3. Each duopolists assumes the other will keep its price constant
4. The solution is stable - Dropping the respondents who have not answered many questions from the coded data sheet at the time of is referred to as:
1. Casewise deletion
2. Pairwise deletion
3. All of these
4. Variable deletion - Find the probability that in a family of 5 children there will be at least one boy and one girl (Assume that the probability of a female birth is 0.5)
1. 0.9375
2. 0.8
3. 0.98
4. 0.795 - A graph of cumulative frequency distribution is called
1. Frequency Polygon
2. Frequency Curve
3. Bar Chart
4. Ogive - The registration of the trade union under the Trade Union Act 1926 is
1. Mandatory
2. None of these
3. Not mandatory
4. Both Mandatory and Not mandatory - An investor worried about a company’s long term solvency would most likely examine its.
1. Return on equity
2. Earnings per share
3. Debt to equity Ratio
4. Current ratio - An investor buys share of worth Rs 50000 of a company each month. During the first 3 months he bought these shares at a price of Rs 120, Rs 160 and Rs 210. After 3 months, what is the average price paid by him for the shares?
1. 166.66
2. Data insufficient
3. 100
4. 163.33 - Results relating to pre-testing should be discussed in which one of the following sections of them research report?
1. Research methodology
2. Introduction
3. Results
4. Conclusions and managerial implications - Deductions authorized under section 7 (2) of the payment of Wages Act, 1936 includes:
1. None of these
2. Deductions from absence from duty
3. Fines
4. Both Fines and Deductions from absence from duty - Setting quotas for hard-to-reach respondents is one way to minimize _______ bias.
1. Instrument
2. Respondent
3. Non-response
4. Interviewer - Use of preference share capital structure
1. Decreases financial leverage
2. Decreases operating leverage
3. Increases financial leverage
4. Increases operating leverage - When total utility increases the marginal utility is
1. Positive and increasing
2. Negative and increasing
3. Negative and decreasing
4. Positive and decreasing - Which of the following is not the motive of collaborative arrangements
1. Minimize exposure in risky environment
2. Gain location specific assets
3. Overcome legal constraints
4. Concentrate geographically - Which of the following is NOT part of OCTAPACE
1. Action
2. Authenticity
3. Trust
4. Autonomy - Which of the following criteria is not applicable to decision making under uncertainty?
1. Maxi Max
2. None of these
3. Mini Max
4. Maxi min - Which of the following documents is not used for exporting goods and services
1. Consular invoice
2. Bill of entry
3. Bill of lading
4. Commercial invoice - Which of the following is not an assumption of the revealed preference theory
1. Transitivity
2. Non satiation
3. Consistency
4. A cardinal measure of the utility - Which of the following is not a method of measuring translation exposure?
1. Temporal method
2. Historic rate method
3. Current/Non-current method
4. Monetary/Non-Monetary method - Which of the following is not a benefit of multiple-choice questions over the open-ended questions?
1. Multiple-choice questions are easier to design
2. Use of multiple-choice questions reduces interviewer bias
3. Multiple-choice questions are less costly for coding and data processing
4. Multiple-choice questions are quicker to administer - Which of the following is example of the issue that are checked in the field edit?
1. All of these
2. Logical answers between questions
3. Completion of all questions on a questionnaire
4. Single responses to all multiple choice questions - Which of the following is qualitative method of forecasting
1. Simple moving average
2. Delphi
3. Regression
4. Freehand - Which of the following are world’s top importing countries in 2016
1. Japan and Germany
2. Germany and United Kingdom
3. China and United Kingdom
4. United States of America and China - Which of the following is the first step in starting the research process
1. Identification of problem
2. Searching for solution to the problem
3. Searching sources of information to locate problem
4. Survey of related literature - Which one of the following statements best describes ‘selective distribution strategy?
1. The firm distributes only through shops of a certain size.
2. The firm uses a limited number of outlets in a given area
3. The firm distributes only through select types of shops.
4. The firm selects only one wholesaler/retailer in a given area. - Which one of the following constitutes a basis of psychographic segmentation:
1. Education level
2. Life style
3. Gender and age
4. Stage in family life cycle - Companies characterized by the production of heterogeneous products will most likely use which of the following methods for the purpose of averaging costs and providing management with unit cost data.
1. Direct costing
2. Absorption costing
3. Process costing
4. Job-order costing - Money received from customers for products to be delivered in the future is recorded as
1. Liability
2. Revenue and an asset
3. Revenue and a liability
4. An asset and a liability - Multicollinearity occurs when:
1. There are high intercorrelations among the independent variables
2. None of these
3. Independent variables are mutually exclusive
4. Dependent variable is highly correlated with independent variables.] - Multicollinearity is a problem when
1. The disturbance terms are correlated
2. None of these
3. There is high correlation between dependent and any of the independent variables
4. There is high correlation in the pairs of independent variables - A population about which a researcher wants to get information is called
1. Sample Population
2. Target population
3. Finite population
4. Infinite population - Which method of capital budgeting assumes that the cash flows are reinvested at project’s rate of return?
1. Net Present value
2. Terminal value
3. Accounting rate of return
4. Internal rate of return - How should the effect of a change in accounting estimate be accounted for?
1. By reporting proforma amounts for prior periods.
2. In the period of change and future periods if the change affects both.
3. As a prior period adjustment to beginning retained earnings
4. By restating amount reported in financial statements of prior periods. - While computing taxable income of an individual, ____________ is exempt from tax.
1. Share of profit from a firm assessed as firm
2. None of these
3. Salary from a partnership firm
4. Interest on capital employed in the partnership firm - A categorical variable is measured on
1. A nominal scale
2. A continuous scale
3. An interval scale
4. A discrete scale - According to percentiles, median to be measured must lie in
1. 50th
2. 80th
3. 100th
4. 40th - The process of measuring one’s own services and practices against the recognized leaders in order to identify areas for improvement is
1. Feedforward
2. Feedback
3. Benchmarking
4. Comparative leadership - A useful tool for positioning a brand in the marketplace is:
1. SWOT analysis
2. Perceptual map
3. Marketing audit
4. Marketing information system - Conditions favouring the use of a sample over a census include:
1. Small population size
2. High cost of non-sampling errors
3. High cost of sampling errors
4. Small budget - If byx is greater than one, then bxy is
1. equal to one
2. less than one
3. none of these
4. more than one - If the average sales volumes of two salesman , X and Y selling the same product are Rs 30000 and Rs 35000 with a standard deviation of Rs 2500 and Rs 3600 respectively. Which sales man seems to be more consistent?
1. Salesman Y
2. none of these
3. Both X and Y
4. Salesman X - Graphology is related to
1. Honesty and integrity test
2. None of these
3. Handwriting analysis
4. Lie test - A reciprocal flow of goods or services valued and settled in monetary terms is known as
1. Counter purchase
2. Countertrade
3. Counterfeiting
4. Barter - Long Term capital loss can be set off
1. only against short term capital gain.
2. only against Long term capital gain.
3. against income from card games.
4. against income from owning and maintaining race horse.
Answer Key
1 (4) 2 (4) 3 (4) 4 (1) 5 (4) 6 (3) 7 (3) 8 (4) 9 (2) 10 (1) 11 (4) 12 (2) 13 (3) 14 (2) 15 (3) 16 (2) 17 (4) 18 (1) 19 (4) 20 (4) 21 (1) 22 (1) 23 (1) 24 (2) 25 (2) 26 (1) 27 (2) 28 (*) 29 (1) 30 (4) 31 (4) 32 (2) 33 (4) 34 (1) 35 (2) 36 (1) 37 (1) 38 (4) 39 (2) 40 (3) 41 (1) 42 (1) 43 (3) 44 (3) 45 (4) 46 (3) 47 (1) 48 (1) 49 (2) 50 (4) 51 (4) 52 (2) 53 (4) 54 (1) 55 (2) 56 (2) 57 (4) 58 (3) 59 (1) 60 (1) 61 (4) 62 (3) 63 (3) 64 (1) 65 (1) 66 (4) 67 (3) 68 (3) 69 (4) 70 (4) 71 (1) 72 (3) 73 (2) 74 (4) 75 (2) 76 (1) 77 (1) 78 (2) 79 (4) 80 (1) 81 (2) 82 (2) 83 (4) 84 (4) 85 (1) 86 (4) 87 (2) 88 (4) 89 (2) 90 (1) 91 (1) 92 (1) 93 (3) 94 (2) 95 (4) 96 (2) 97 (4) 98 (3) 99 (2) 100 (2)